Banishment (Al-Hashr)

In the name of Allah, Gracious, Merciful.

¹Whatever is in the heavens and on earth, let it declare the praises and glory of Allah: for He is the exalted in might, the wise.

²It is He who got out the unbelievers among the people of the book from their homes at the first gathering. Little did you think that they would get out: and they thought that their fortresses would defend them from Allah! but the wrath of Allah came to them from quarters from which they little expected and cast terror into their hearts so that they destroyed their dwellings by their own hands and the hands of the believers. Take warning then with eyes!¹

Bismillahi Rahmani Rahim

¹Sabbaha lillahi ma fisamawati wa ma filardi wa huwal azizul hakim

²Huwal lazi akhrajal lazina kafaru min ahlil kitabi mindiyarihim li awalil hasyr ma zanantum ay yakhruju wa zan nu an nahum mania tuhum hushunuhum minal lahi fa atahumul lahu min haisu lam yah tasibu wa qazafa fi qulubihimur ruba yukhribuna buyutahum bi aidihim wa aidil muminima fatabiru ya ulil absar

1. This incident is about a Jewish tribe Bani an-Nadir who were very rich in the days of Muhammad, when they would not support Muhammad they were attacked in the battle of Uhud. Previously to this and after several battles were fought to unsettle the Jews, just like Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews in both world wars. In 624, the Battle of Badr was fought to expel Bani Qainuqa Jews from Madina.. In 625, during the Battle of Uhud about 70 Muslims were killed at Bir Mauna and the Banu Nadir Jews were expelled from Madina. And in 627, the Battle of the Trench was fought to expel Banu Quraiza Jews.

This shows what was discussed in the notes of Qur’an 58:22, Islam is not the religion of peace nor of the world, in the sense that it does not tolerate those who are not in Islam. It was not Allah who got the non-Muslims out of their residences and took over their possessions and their wives. That was the work of Muhammad and the Muslims after him. God is a God of love and forgiveness, not so Allah, in spite of the rhetoric contained in the Qur’an and repeated by Muslims.

³And had it not been that Allah has decreed banishment for them He would certainly have punished them in this world: and in the hereafter they shall certainly have the punishment of the fire.

⁴That is because they resisted Allah and His apostle: and if anyone resists Allah, verily, Allah is severe in punishment.

⁵Whether you cut down the tender palm trees or you left them standing on their roots, it was by leave of Allah and in order that He might cover with shame the rebellious transgressors.

⁶What Allah has bestowed on His apostle and taken away from them, for this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry: but Allah gives power to His apostles over any He pleases: and Allah has power over all things.

³Wa lau la an katabal lahu alaihimul jalaa laaz zabahum fid dunya wa lahum fil akhirati azabun nar

⁴Zalika bi annahum saq qul laha wa rasulahu wa ma yusyaq qillaha fa innal laha sadidul iqab

⁵Ma qatatum mil linatin au taraktumuha qa imatan ala ushuliha fabi iznil lahi wa liyukziyal fasiqin

⁶Wa ma afaal lahu ala rasulihi minhum fama aujaftum alaihi min hailiw wa la rikabiw wa lakin nallaha yusal lithu rusulahu ala ma yasya wallahu ala kuli saiin qadir

⁷What Allah has bestowed on His apostle and taken away from the people of the townships belongs to Allah, to His apostle and to kindred and orphans, the needy and the wayfarer; in order that it may not make a circuit between the wealth among you. So take what the apostle assigns to you and deny yourselves that which he withholds from you. And fear Allah; for Allah is strict in punishment.

⁸To the indigent Muhajirs, those who were expelled from their homes and their property while seeking grace from Allah and His good pleasure and aiding Allah and His apostle: such are indeed the sincere ones.

³Wa lau la an katabal lahu alaihimul jalaa laaz zabahum fid dunya wa lahum fil akhirati azabun nar

⁴Zalika bi annahum saq qul laha wa rasulahu wa ma yusyaq qillaha fa innal laha sadidul iqab

⁵Ma qatatum mil linatin au taraktumuha qa imatan ala ushuliha fabi iznil lahi wa liyukziyal fasiqin

⁶Wa ma afaal lahu ala rasulihi minhum fama aujaftum alaihi min hailiw wa la rikabiw wa lakin nallaha yusal lithu rusulahu ala ma yasya wallahu ala kuli saiin qadir

⁷Ma afa al lahu ala rasulihi min ahlil qura falil lahi wa lirasuli walizil qurba wal yatama wal masakini wab nis sabili kaila yakuna dulatambainal agniyai minkum wa ma atakumur rasulu fakuzu hu wa manahakum anhu fantahu wataqul lah innal laha sadidul iqab

⁸Lilfuqara il muhajirinal lazina ukhriju min diyarihim wa amwalihim yabtaghuna fadlam minal lahi wa ridwanaw wa yansurunal laha wa rasuluh ulaika humus sadiqun

[Commentary continues below.]

⁹But those who before them had homes in Medina and had adopted the faith, show their affection to such as came to them for refuge and entertain no desire in their hearts for things given to the latter but give them preference over themselves even though poverty was their own lot. And those saved from the covetousness of their own souls, they are the ones that achieve prosperity.

¹⁰And those who came after them say: “Our Lord! Forgive us and our brethren who came before us into the faith and leave not in our hearts rancor against those who have believed our Lord! You are indeed full of kindness, most merciful.”

⁹Wal lazina taba wa uddara wal imana min qablihim yuhib buna man hajara ilaihim wa la yajiduna fi sudurihim hajatam mim ma utu wa yusiruna ala anfusihim wa lau kana bihim kasasah wa ma yuqa suhanafsihi fa ulaika humul muflihun

¹⁰Wal lazina jau min badihim ya quluna rabbanagfir lana wali ikwaninal lazina sabaquna bil imani wa la tajal fi qulubina gilal lil lazina amanu rabbana innaka raufur rahim

[Commentary continues below.]

¹¹Have you not observed the hypocrites say to their disbelieving brethren among the people of the book? “If you are expelled, We too will go out with you, and we will never hearken to anyone in your affair; and if you are attacked in fight we will help you.” But Allah is witness that they are indeed liars.

¹²If they are expelled, never will they go out with them; and if they are attacked in fight, they will never help them; and if they do help them, they will turn their backs; so they will receive no help.

¹³Of a truth you are stronger than they because of the terror in their hearts by Allah. This is because they are men devoid of understanding.

¹¹Alam tara ilallazina nafaqu ya quluna li ikhwanihimul lazina kafaru min ahlil kitabi la in ukhrijtum lanakru janna maakum wa la nutiu fikum ahadan abada wa in qutiltum lanansuran nakum wallahu yashadu un nahum lakazibun

¹²La in ukhriju la yakhrujuna maahum wa la in qutilu la yansuru nahum wa la innasharuhum layu wal lun nal adbara summa la yun sarun

¹³La antum asyad du rahbatan fi sudurinhim minal lah zalika bi an nahum qaumul la yafqahun

[Commentary continues below.]

¹⁴They will not fight you even together except in fortified townships or from behind walls. Strong is their fighting spirit among themselves: you would think they were united but their hearts are divided: that is because they are a people devoid of wisdom.

¹⁵Like those who lately preceded them, they have tasted the evil result of their conduct and in the hereafter there is for them a grievous penalty

¹⁶Their allies deceived them like the evil one, when he says to man “Deny Allah”; but when man denies Allah (the Evil One) says “I am free of you: I do fear Allah, the Lord of the worlds!”

¹⁷The end of both will be that they will go into the fire dwelling therein for ever. Such is the reward of wrongdoers.

¹⁴La yuqatilunakum jamian illa fi quram muhas sanatin au mi warai judur basuhum bainahum sadid tahsabuhum jamiaw wa qulu buhum sata zalika bi annahum qaumul la yaqilun

¹⁵Kamasalil lazina min qablihim qariban zaqu wabala amrihim wa lahum azabun alim

¹⁶Kamatsalis syaitani qala lil insanikfur falam ma kafara qala inni barium minka inni akhaful laha rabbal alamin

¹⁷Fakana aqibatahuma annahuma finnari halidaini fiha wa zalika jaza uzalimin

[Commentary continues below.]

¹⁸O you who believe! Fear Allah and let every soul look to what he has sent forth for the morrow. Yea fear Allah: for Allah is well acquainted with all that you do.

¹⁹And be not like those who forget Allah; and He made them forget their own souls! such are the rebellious transgressors!

²⁰Not equal are the companions of the fire and the companions of the garden: it is the companions of the garden that will achieve felicity.

²¹Had We sent down this Qur’an on a mountain, verily, you would have seen it humble itself and cleave asunder for fear of Allah, such are the similitudes which We propound to men that they may reflect.

¹⁸Ya ayyuhal lazina amanut taqul laha wal tanzhur nafsumma qaddamat ligadin wat taqul lah innal laha habirum bima tamalun

¹⁹Wa la takunu kal lazina nasul laha fa ansahum anfusahum ulaika humul fasiqun

²⁰La yastawi ashabun nari wa ashabul jannah ashabul jannati humul faizun

²¹Lau anzalna hazal qurana ala jabalil lara aitahu khasian mutasad diam min khasyatil lah wa tilkal amsalu nadribuha lin nasi laal lahum yatafak karun

[Commentary continues below.]

²²Allah is He than whom there is no other god Who knows all things, both secret and open; He is most gracious, most merciful.

²³He is Allah, whom there is no other god, the sovereign, the holy one, the source of peace. The guardian of faith, the preserver of safety, the exalted in might, the irresistible, the supreme: glory to Allah above the partners they attribute to Him.

²⁴He is Allah, the creator, the evolver, the bestower of forms. To Him belong the most beautiful names: Whatever is in the heavens and on earth does declare His praises and glory: and He is the exalted in might the wise.

²²Huwal lahul lazi la ilaha illa huwa alimul gaibi was sahadati huwar rahmanur rahim

²³Huwal lahul lazi la ilaha huwal almalikul quddusus salamul muminul muhaiminul azizul jab barul mutakab bir subhanal lahi amma yusrikun

²⁴Huwal lahul haliqul bari ul musaw wiru lahul asma ul husna yu sab bihu lahu ma fisamawati walardi wa huwal azizul hakim

2. The beautiful names of Allah are in fact attributes. Because even Islam teaches that He is Allah, and no other name besides describes Him, therefore to say that Allah has the most beautiful names, one has to clarify. These attributes, according to George Sale are not all of the unknown, rather from their paganistic past. For instance, Allat from Allah, Al Uzza from Al Aziz (the Mighty), and Manat from Al Mannan (the Bountiful). These are the names of the “daughters of Allah” from pre-Islamic Arabia.

God’s borrowed names are only used by us humans, therefore, if God is going to reveal Himself to us, though He would use the name we know, but he will also tell the name we do not know. In the Bible He is called “I AM THAT I AM”. This leaves no room for improvisation and wild imagination. God Almighty is One and besides Him, there is no other.